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J277 1.2.4 Binary shifts and consolidation

Part 5 of 5 · J277 1.2.4 · Number systems

Binary shifts, then a mixed checkpoint over the whole OCR number-systems topic.

Students will:

  • carry out left and right binary shifts
  • connect the number of places with a power of two
  • identify direction and places from a before-and-after pair
  • explain when a fixed-width shift loses information
  • apply conversion, addition and overflow independently

Inside: 5 explanation cells, 5 number grids, 3 multiple-choice questions and 3 written answers. 45 marks, about 75 minutes.

Series: J277 1.2.4 · Number systems, part 5 of 5.

Shared by Coding PathwayVerified teacher

  • 16 cells
  • About 75 minutes
  • CC BY-SA 4.0
  • Shared 17 Aug 2026
  • Updated 9 Sept 2026

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Number systems 5: binary shifts and consolidation

A binary shift moves every bit by the same number of places. You need to track the direction, the number of places, the zeros inserted and any bits lost at the edge. The second half of this worksheet then brings the whole OCR number-systems topic together.

By the end of this worksheet, you should be able to:

  • carry out left and right binary shifts
  • connect the number of shift places with a power of two
  • identify both the direction and number of places from a before-and-after pair
  • explain when a fixed-width shift loses information
  • apply conversion, addition and overflow knowledge independently

Use the early tasks to identify gaps, then complete the application and final challenge independently.

1. Carry out a shift

These rules apply to the values from 0 to 255 used in OCR GCSE questions.

Left shift

  • move every bit left by the stated number of places
  • insert zeros into the empty positions on the right
  • a shift of n places has a multiplication factor of 2^n when the result fits

Example: 00010110 shifted left by 2 becomes 01011000. The denary value changes from 22 to 88, so it has multiplied by 4.

Right shift

  • move every bit right by the stated number of places
  • insert zeros into the empty positions on the left
  • a shift of n places performs whole-number division by 2^n; any remainder represented by discarded low bits is lost

Example: 10110000 shifted right by 3 becomes 00010110. The denary value changes from 176 to 22, so it has divided by 8.

The platform may call these logical shifts. For the values used here, that means zeros are inserted into the empty positions.

Left and right shifts in a fixed eight-bit row A left shift moves every bit left, discards a bit that leaves the row and fills the right with zero. A right shift moves every bit right, discards a bit that leaves the row and fills the left with zero. Start with 00101100 (44). The row stays eight bits wide. before 00101100 denary 44 left shift by 1: every bit moves left after 01011000 denary 880 fills the right Start again with the original: right shift 00101100 by 1 after 00010110 denary 220 fills the left
Multiple choice1 mark

Which statement correctly describes what these shifts do when no 1 bit is lost at the edge?

  • ALeft by 3 multiplies by 3; right by 3 divides by 3
  • BLeft by 2 divides by 4; right by 2 multiplies by 4
  • CLeft by 2 multiplies by 4; right by 3 divides by 8
  • DLeft by 8 multiplies by 8; right by 8 divides by 8
Number systems6 marks

Apply a 2-place left shift, then state the denary value of the shifted result.

Move every bit two places left and insert two zeros on the right. These examples fit, so the new value is four times the original.

a)Apply a logical shift left of 2 places to 00010110.

Before
00010110
After
DenaryNot answered

b)Apply a logical shift left of 2 places to 00100011.

Before
00100011
After
DenaryNot answered

c)Apply a logical shift left of 2 places to 00001101.

Before
00001101
After
DenaryNot answered
Number systems6 marks

Apply a 3-place right shift, then state the denary value of the shifted result.

Move every bit three places right and insert three zeros on the left. These examples divide exactly by eight.

a)Apply a logical shift right of 3 places to 10110000.

Before
10110000
After
DenaryNot answered

b)Apply a logical shift right of 3 places to 01101000.

Before
01101000
After
DenaryNot answered

c)Apply a logical shift right of 3 places to 11100000.

Before
11100000
After
DenaryNot answered

2. Bits can leave the 8-bit row

A shift keeps the same fixed width. A bit moved beyond an edge is discarded.

Example: shift 11110000 left by 1.

  • move left: the first 1 leaves the 8-bit row
  • insert 0 on the right
  • result: 11100000

The simple statement “left shift multiplies by two” is exact only when no significant 1 bit is discarded. This does not change the movement rule: move every bit, discard anything beyond the edge and fill the empty position with 0.

For a right shift, discarded 1 bits at the right represent a lost remainder. This is why we describe the result as whole-number division.

Multiple choice1 mark

What is the 8-bit result of shifting 11110000 left by 1 place?

  • A01111000
  • B11100000
  • C11110001
  • D111100000
Number systems8 marks

Identify the direction and number of places used in each shift.

Compare the before and after positions of the 1 bits. Both direction and number of places are required.

a)00110101 became 00001101. Which shift was applied, and by how many places?

Before
00110101
After
00001101
DirectionNot answered
PlacesNot answered

b)11001011 became 10010110. Which shift was applied, and by how many places?

Before
11001011
After
10010110
DirectionNot answered
PlacesNot answered

c)01010010 became 00001010. Which shift was applied, and by how many places?

Before
01010010
After
00001010
DirectionNot answered
PlacesNot answered

d)10000100 became 00010000. Which shift was applied, and by how many places?

Before
10000100
After
00010000
DirectionNot answered
PlacesNot answered
Written answer2 marks

Describe the binary shift used to multiply a value by 8 when the result fits in the available bits.

OCR awards separate points for the direction and number of places. Use 8 = 2^3.

Students type their answer here.

3. Mixed OCR-style consolidation

Complete the next three tasks without returning to the worked examples.

Conversion table

Use nibbles for binary and hexadecimal, and place values for binary and denary. Include 8 bits and 2 hex digits.

Binary addition

Work from right to left and record every carry.

Overflow

Decide whether the complete answer fits within 8 bits. Explain the decision using the available width.

Complete the three tasks independently, then use the feedback to identify the first method that needs another example.

Number systems6 marks

Complete each row with the two missing number representations.

Check the requested widths before moving to the next row.

a)Hexadecimal FE. Fill in the denary and binary.

Hexadecimal
F
E
DenaryNot answered
Binary

b)Binary 01001100. Fill in the denary and hexadecimal.

Binary
0100
1100
DenaryNot answered
Hexadecimal

c)Hexadecimal 8A. Fill in the denary and binary.

Hexadecimal
8
A
DenaryNot answered
Binary
Number systems4 marks

Add each pair of 8-bit binary numbers and show every carry.

Use binary column addition directly. The answer and carry row are both marked.

a)Add these 8-bit binary numbers: 00001011 + 01010011.

Carries
First number
00001011
Second number
01010011
Total

b)Add these 8-bit binary numbers: 01011110 + 01100010.

Carries
First number
01011110
Second number
01100010
Total
Written answer4 marks

Add 11110000 and 01010101. Show your binary working, write the complete answer and explain whether an overflow error occurs.

Continue beyond eight places if the final carry creates a ninth bit. Overflow occurs when the complete answer needs more than 8 bits.

Students type their answer here.

Multiple choice, several answers4 marks

Which four statements are accurate? Select four.

  • AAny carry inside an 8-bit addition proves that overflow has occurred
  • BThe maximum denary value represented by 8 bits is 255
  • CMultiplication by 8 requires an 8-place left shift
  • DThe right-hand zero in hexadecimal B0 must be kept because removing it changes the value
  • ECarries within a binary addition are normal and do not automatically mean overflow
  • FAn 8-bit answer may contain any number of digits as long as its value is correct
  • GA 3-place right shift divides the value by 8 when no remainder is lost
Written answer3 marks

Challenge: explain why an 8-bit left shift does not always produce the exact multiplication result predicted by 2^n. Use a specific binary example in your answer.

Discuss fixed width, a 1 bit leaving beyond the MSB and the resulting loss of information.

Students type their answer here.

Final confidence check

You should now be able to:

  • convert between denary 0 to 255, binary 00000000 to 11111111 and hexadecimal 00 to FF
  • identify the MSB and LSB
  • explain why leading zeros may be required
  • add two binary numbers and show every carry
  • explain an 8-bit overflow
  • carry out left and right shifts
  • state both the direction and number of shift places

Choose one statement you cannot yet demonstrate without notes. Return to that task, complete one fresh example and explain the method aloud.