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OCR H446 1.2.2 Open and closed source

Part 2 of 7 · H446 1.2.2 · Applications generation

Open- and closed-source questions in H446 1.2.2 turn on source access, licence permissions and who carries the consequences. This worksheet keeps the creator and the user in view at the same time, so students argue from control and licence terms rather than from price.

Students will:

  • separate access to source code from what a licence actually permits
  • attach every stated benefit or drawback to a named stakeholder
  • compare a self-hosted open route with a managed closed service under long-term constraints
  • qualify claims such as 'open means free' or 'closed means supported' with the missing condition
  • recommend a source model for two contrasting organisations and name a risk each carries

Inside: 5 explanation cells, 1 multiple-choice question, 1 fill-in-the-blanks cell and 5 written answers. 42 marks, about 40 to 50 minutes.

Series: H446 1.2.2 · Applications generation, part 2 of 7.

Shared by Coding PathwayVerified teacher

  • 12 cells
  • About 45 minutes
  • CC BY-SA 4.0
  • Shared 31 Aug 2026
  • Updated 3 Sept 2026

Preview

The whole resource, exactly as a class sees it. Answers and marking are held back.

Open and closed source

The decision is about access, licence and control

Open and closed source stakeholder comparisonsource access + licence permissions + stakeholder consequenceopen sourcesource is available under a licencepermissions can allow inspection,modification and redistributioncreator / user questionsWho maintains changes?What does the licence permit?What support and security capacity exists?closed sourcesource is controlled by its ownerusers receive executable accessunder the supplier's licencecreator / user questionsHow much control is retained?Can the user modify or fix it?What support, cost and dependency follow?Neither model guarantees price, security, quality or support.

Open-source software makes source available under a licence that sets permissions. Closed-source software keeps source under the owner's control and licenses executable use. Open is not public domain, and neither route guarantees price, security, quality or support.

Compare both viewpoints

AnglePossible open-source consequencePossible closed-source consequence
user modificationinspect/adapt if licence and skills allownormally cannot change or repair source
creator controloutside contributions and reuse, but less exclusive controlretain source/IP control and licensing choices
supportcommunity, paid provider or in-house support may existsupplier support may exist but creates dependency
securityinspectable code, but fixes still need capable maintainerscontrolled disclosure, but users depend on supplier fixes
costmay avoid some licence fees; deployment still costsmay have fees; some products are free to use
Multiple choice1 mark

Which statement is defensible?

  • AOpen-source software has no copyright
  • BOpen-source software can be modified when its licence permits and the user has the capability
  • CClosed-source software is always secure
  • DClosed-source software always has a purchase price
Written answer3 marks

Describe one drawback of closed-source software rather than open-source software for a small laboratory that needs a specialist calculation changed quickly. Develop a three-link chain.

Answer the requested direction: closed-source feature -> restricted action/dependency -> laboratory consequence.

Students type their answer here.

Written answer8 marks

Compare two benefits and two drawbacks of open source for (a) the creator and (b) a school user. Keep the stakeholder attached to every consequence.

Modification, contributions, reach, control, maintenance, support, security responsibility and skills may matter.

Students type their answer here.

Written answer10 marks

A school needs a learning platform for ten years. It has one technical specialist, strict safeguarding requirements, limited budget and a need to export all data. Compare an open-source self-hosted route with a closed-source managed service and justify a conditional choice.

Use capability, maintenance, support, data portability, licensing and supplier dependency.

Students type their answer here.

Apply the model independently

The remaining tasks change the context or reduce the support. Complete them without copying the worked model, then check that each explanation connects a mechanism to its consequence.

Written answer8 marks

A research team wants collaborators to inspect and reproduce an analysis tool, while a medical-device supplier wants controlled releases and a single accountable maintenance route. Recommend a source model for each and identify one risk that remains after the choice.

A source model changes permissions and control; it does not remove operational risk.

Students type their answer here.

Written answer8 marks

Repair four claims: ‘open means free’, ‘open means insecure’, ‘closed means supported’, and ‘closed means the user owns the software’. State the missing condition in each.

Separate price from source access, security from maintenance, support from contract and ownership from licence to use.

Students type their answer here.

Fill in the blanks4 marks
Open source makes checkpoint gap 1 available under a licence; the licence controls permissions. Closed source retains owner checkpoint gap 2 of source. Price, security and support are not checkpoint gap 3 by the model. Recommendations must name the affected checkpoint gap 4.

Review your understanding

Before submitting, check that you can explain the main distinction in your own words, apply it in an unfamiliar context and justify each consequence rather than only naming a feature.